Showing 9-16 of 22 results
NASA Worldview

NASA Worldview

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Open Dataset
Creators: NASA's Earth Science Data and Information System (EOSDIS)
Publication Date: 2000
Creators: NASA's Earth Science Data and Information System (EOSDIS)

NASA Worldview is an interactive web-based tool that allows users to visualize and explore satellite imagery from NASA’s Earth Observing System. It offers access to over 1,200 global, full-resolution satellite imagery layers, allowing users to explore various datasets related to Earth’s atmosphere, land, oceans, and cryosphere. Many imagery layers are updated within three hours of observation, providing near real-time views of Earth’s conditions. This feature is particularly beneficial for time-sensitive applications such as wildfire management, air quality monitoring, and flood surveillance. Users can interactively browse, compare, animate, and download imagery. The platform supports visualization of natural events like wildfires, tropical storms, and volcanic eruptions through its “Events” tab. The dataset accessible through Worldview is extensive, with NASA’s Earth science data archive exceeding 100 PB. Worldview provides access to historical satellite imagery dating back to 2000, enabling users to explore changes over time. The dataset is organized into various sub-datasets, each focusing on specific earth observation parameters:​

  • Corrected Reflectance (True Color): Provides natural-looking images by combining data from specific spectral bands, useful for observing land surface, oceanic, and atmospheric features. ​

  • Chlorophyll-a Concentration: Offers data on the near-surface concentration of chlorophyll-a, aiding in the assessment of marine ecosystem productivity and health. ​

  • Photosynthetically Available Radiation (PAR): Displays the amount of light available for photosynthesis over the ocean and large bodies of water, measured in Einstein/m²/day. ​

  • Black Marble Nighttime Imagery: Provides nighttime light data, useful for assessing anthropogenic sources of light emissions and monitoring nighttime phenomena. ​

  • Brightness Temperature: Offers observations of brightness temperature, useful for distinguishing features in clouds and over clear land, as well as land, sea ice, and open water over polar regions during winter.

The National Land Cover Database (NLCD)

The National Land Cover Database (NLCD)

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Open Dataset
Creators: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
Publication Date: 2001
Creators: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)

The National Land Cover Database (NLCD) provides land cover and land use data for the United States, derived from satellite imagery. It includes information on different land cover types and changes over time. The NLCD provides 30-meter spatial resolution raster data, making it one of the most detailed national-scale land cover datasets available. It is derived from Landsat satellite imagery, which enables accurate mapping of vegetation, urban areas, water bodies, and other land cover types. The dataset covers multiple years from 2001 to 2019, allowing researchers to track land cover changes over time. Updates are made periodically to reflect land cover trends, including urban expansion, deforestation, wetland loss, and agricultural shifts. In addition to land cover, impervious surface maps show the extent of human development (roads, buildings, infrastructure). Tree canopy cover maps indicate the percentage of tree cover in different regions, supporting climate and carbon cycle studies. In total, the dataset has a size of more than 1000 GB. The total number of observations is in the billions, as each pixel provides information about land cover, impervious surfaces, or canopy cover.

Terra Populus

Terra Populus

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Open Dataset
Creators: Terra Populus
Publication Date: NA
Creators: Terra Populus

Terra Populus, also known as IPUMS Terra, is a data repository that provides global population and environmental data, integrating census, survey, and environmental data from around the world. It allows users to explore how demographic and environmental conditions are interrelated over time and across geographic locations. The dataset is organized into three primary structures:​

  1. Microdata: Individual and household-level census records, detailing demographic variables such as age, sex, occupation, education, and migration. ​

  2. Area-Level Data: Aggregated data about specific geographic areas, including population summaries and environmental characteristics. ​

  3. Raster Data: Spatial grids representing environmental variables like land cover, temperature, and precipitation.

Google Earth Engine

Google Earth Engine

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Open Dataset
Creators: Google LLC
Publication Date: NA
Creators: Google LLC

Google Earth Engine (GEE) is a cloud-based platform that provides access to a vast archive of satellite imagery and geospatial data, along with powerful tools for analysis and visualization. It supports a wide range of datasets from various satellite missions, including Landsat, MODIS, and Sentinel, among others. The platform integrates extensive data archives with powerful computational capabilities, enabling users to analyze and visualize geospatial information effectively. GEE hosts one of the largest publicly available data catalogs, encompassing over 90 PB of analysis-ready satellite imagery and more than 1,000 curated datasets. This includes data from various satellite missions, climate models, and geospatial datasets, providing comprehensive coverage for diverse applications.​ The total data repository of GEE exceeds 90 PB, making it one of the most extensive geospatial data archives available. Given the vast array of datasets and the high temporal resolution of satellite imagery, GEE contains billions of individual observations. For example, daily global coverage by satellites like Sentinel-2 results in a continuous influx of new data, contributing to the platform’s extensive repository. GEE’s datasets span over four decades, with historical imagery dating back to the 1970s. GEE organizes its datasets into a hierarchical structure within the Earth Engine Data Catalog:​

  • Image Collections: These are groups of related images, such as satellite imagery from specific missions (e.g., Landsat, Sentinel). Each image within a collection is associated with metadata, including acquisition date, sensor information, and processing level.​

  • Feature Collections: These datasets consist of vector data representing geographic features like administrative boundaries, roads, or land cover classifications. Each feature includes geometry (points, lines, polygons) and associated attribute information.​

  • Tables: Tabular datasets containing geospatial information, such as climate data, socioeconomic indicators, or environmental statistics, often linked to specific geographic locations.

Copernicus Open Access Hub

Copernicus Open Access Hub

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Open Dataset
Creators: European Space Agency (ESA)
Publication Date: 2014
Creators: European Space Agency (ESA)

Copernicus Open Access Hub provides free access to Sentinel satellite data for Earth observation, including imagery from Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3, and Sentinel-5P, supporting environmental and climate research. The dataset serves as an important platform for accessing Earth observation data from the Sentinel satellite constellation. This initiative is integral to the European Union’s Copernicus Programme, designed to monitor and understand our planet’s environment for the benefit of all citizens. The Hub provides unrestricted access to high-resolution satellite imagery and data, ensuring that users worldwide can utilize this information without licensing fees or usage restrictions. The temporal coverage varies by mission, starting in 2014. This provides a continuous record of Earth’s environmental parameters over the past decade. In total, the dataset has a size of more than 45 TB and each sentinel captures thousands of scenes daily:​

  • Sentinel-1: Acquires approximately 2,500 scenes per day.​
  • Sentinel-2: Captures around 1,500 scenes daily.​
  • Sentinel-3: Provides continuous data streams for various parameters.

The datasets is organized based on the specific Sentinel missions and their respective data products:​

  • Sentinel-1 Products:

    • Level-1 GRD (Ground Range Detected): Focused on land and ocean monitoring, these products are radiometrically calibrated and geo-referenced.​
    • Level-1 SLC (Single Look Complex): Suitable for interferometric applications, preserving phase information.​

  • Sentinel-2 Products:

    • Level-1C: Top-of-atmosphere reflectance data, ortho-rectified.​
    • Level-2A: Bottom-of-atmosphere reflectance data, corrected for atmospheric effects.​

  • Sentinel-3 Products:

    • OLCI (Ocean and Land Colour Instrument): Provides data on ocean color and land surface reflectance.​
    • SLSTR (Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer): Measures sea and land surface temperatures.​

  • Sentinel-5P Products:

    • L2 Products: Includes data on atmospheric trace gases like nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and methane.
Earth Observation Data Centre (EODC)

Earth Observation Data Centre (EODC)

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Open Dataset
Creators: European Space Agency (ESA)
Publication Date: 1970
Creators: European Space Agency (ESA)

Earth Observation Data Centre (EODC) provides access to Earth observation data, including Sentinel data and other satellite sources. By integrating extensive data repositories with high-performance computing resources, EODC supports a wide array of applications, including environmental monitoring, climate research, and disaster management. EODC hosts petabytes of EO data, notably serving as a global Copernicus Sentinel Long Term Archive. With support from entities like the Vienna Business Agency, EODC has developed a high-tech infrastructure capable of managing and processing large datasets, making it accessible to industry, science, education, and startups. EODC’s data repository is substantial, encompassing petabytes of EO data. For instance, the initial storage capacity was expanded to hold two petabytes, enabling the storage of Sentinel-1A satellite data covering the entire Earth’s surface. Plans have been in place to further extend this capacity to 20 petabytes over subsequent years, accommodating the continuous influx of satellite data. The exact number of observations within EODC’s repository is vast and continually growing, as it includes comprehensive datasets from missions like Sentinel-1A, which provides global radar imaging. EODC’s datasets primarily cover the period from the launch of the Sentinel satellites in 2014 to the present. Structurally, EODC’s datasets are organized based on satellite missions and thematic applications:​

  • Satellite Mission Archives: Data is categorized by specific missions, such as Sentinel-1A, with each archive containing raw and processed imagery, metadata, and calibration information.​

  • Thematic Datasets: These include processed products tailored for applications like soil moisture monitoring, flood detection, and land cover classification. For example, the Global Flood Monitoring (GFM) service utilizes Sentinel-1 data to produce near-real-time flood monitoring products, integrated within the Copernicus Emergency Management Service. ​

  • Data Formats: The datasets are available in standard geospatial formats such as GeoTIFF for raster data and shapefiles for vector data, ensuring compatibility with common GIS and remote sensing software.

JAXA Earth Observation Data

JAXA Earth Observation Data

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Open Dataset
Creators: Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)
Publication Date: 05/2006
Creators: Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)

​The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) provides access to satellite data from JAXA’s Earth observation missions, including high-resolution imagery and various environmental parameters. The dataset encompasses over 1,000 TB  of archived satellite data, making it one of the most comprehensive collections of Earth observation data. JAXA operates several Earth observation satellites that provide global environmental and geospatial data. It includes data from multiple JAXA missions, such as ALOS-2 (land observation), GOSAT (greenhouse gases), GCOM-W (water cycle), GCOM-C (climate monitoring), and Himawari (weather observations). The dataset covers several decades of observations, with some datasets extending back to the 1980s.

Key features include:

  • Atmospheric Monitoring: Tracks greenhouse gas levels (CO₂, CH₄), aerosols, water vapor, and cloud properties.
  • Land Observations: Provides land surface temperature, vegetation indices (NDVI, EVI), urban growth mapping, and disaster response data.
  • Oceanic Measurements: Covers sea surface temperature, ocean color, chlorophyll concentration, and sea ice extent.
  • Climate Change Indicators: Tracks long-term changes in Earth’s environment.
  • Disaster Response & Early Warning: Used for real-time monitoring of typhoons, wildfires, and earthquakes.

The total number of observations varies by mission and parameter. Given that JAXA satellites capture data daily, weekly, or monthly, the dataset consists of millions of individual observations spanning decades. For instance:

  • GOSAT greenhouse gas monitoring: Over 56,000 global observation points.
  • ALOS-2 terrain and land cover changes: Millions of SAR images worldwide.
  • GCOM-W & GCOM-C climate data: Continuous Earth monitoring at global scale.
NASA Earth Observation (NEO)

NASA Earth Observation (NEO)

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Open Dataset
Creators: NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)
Publication Date: NA
Creators: NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)

NASA Earth Observation (NEO) is a treasure trove of satellite imagery and remote sensing data. NEO offers daily, weekly, and monthly images captured by various NASA satellites, such as Terra and Aqua. Users can access a wealth of information on climate change, natural disasters, and global ecosystems. This resource is designed to support research, education, and policy-making by delivering accessible and up-to-date Earth observation information. NEO offers data across multiple categories, including:​

  • Atmosphere: Parameters such as aerosol optical thickness, carbon monoxide levels, cloud properties, nitrogen dioxide concentrations, ozone levels, rainfall, and water vapor content.
  • ​Energy: Data on albedo, land surface temperature (day and night), net radiation, outgoing longwave radiation, reflected shortwave radiation, sea surface temperature, and solar insolation.
  • ​Land: Information on active fires, land cover classification, leaf area index, snow cover, and vegetation index (NDVI).
  • ​Life: Metrics such as net primary productivity.
  • ​Ocean: Sea surface temperature data.
  • ​User-Friendly Access: The NEO platform provides an intuitive interface, allowing users to visualize, download, and analyze data without requiring specialized software or expertise.

 

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